[Summary]:Writing is a reproduction after experiencing; Writing, originating from life and surpassing it, is a sublimation of life itself. For students, there is life, but there is still nothing to say when writing. Therefore, it is crucial to create a context and skillfully guide before writing.

[key word]:Writing Teaching Life Composition Awakening Materials

Writing is a reflection and representation of life, and the content of students' lives is the foundation of their writing. Japanese educator Keinosuke Ashida believes that "the theme of an essay should be sought in children's daily lives, and it should be an experience with practical feelings. The sun rises in the east and sets in the west, the four seasons are spring, summer, autumn, and winter, all things bloom in spring and autumn, and people's clothing and food are all part of an essay

Every student (even each and every one of us), day by day, feels the sun rise in the east and set in the west. Every year, they perceive the four seasons of spring, summer, autumn, and winter, the spring and autumn fruits of all things, and their daily activities of getting up, sleeping, eating, and clothing are visible, tangible, and constantly happening around them. Family life comes into contact every day, school life is around us, community life is within reach... Who can say that students have no life or experience?

However, during composition classes, the topics are so broad that they can be self drafted, and the content is so broad that students can write whatever they want. Nevertheless, after being assigned and chattering for a while, in order to complete their homework, they still brush it off and hastily write it. Often, the language is dull, the content is thin, monotonous, and tasteless.

What is the reason?

Ashida Keinosuke once studied and pointed out that this is a short-term forgetting, but this forgetting is a kind of "peeling off" rather than "erasing". That is to say, it is a temporary 'dust accumulation'. Think about it too. Who thinks' I did it for writing an essay 'while traveling, watching TV at home, communicating with parents, or playing games? No, Writing is a reproduction after experiencing; Writing, originating from life and surpassing it, is a sublimation of life itself. For students, it feels like life is just a game. Over time, of course, it will be 'covered in dust'. Naturally, in composition class, one only knows how to bite the pen, fidget, and get things done hastily.

Traditional essay guidance is mostly constrained by the "give and take" learning philosophy. Provide methods, strategies, materials, and even viewpoints and ideas. The learning theory of the famous American cognitive psychologist Bruner suggests that students should discover independently rather than passively giving. So, in composition teaching, the first step is to awaken students' past experiences, so that they have something to say and write about, and then think about how to say it and how to say it well.

So, how to awaken it? Based on my years of teaching experience, I deeply understand that creating a context and cleverly guiding before writing is crucial. A pull can move the whole body, a throw of stone can stir up waves all over the lake, only then can the passion burst forth in composition class, and students can write fluently.

1、 Throwing Stones and Stimulating Waves Method

When writing, students are often constrained by fixed and habitual thinking. Despite having abundant materials in their own lives, which are based on their own observations, experiences, and even personal experiences, they cannot recall them for a moment. When I saw the title, it reminded me of the materials I often use: the mother who expresses family affection wakes up early to make breakfast; The expression of friendship is to first have conflicts and then reconcile; Those who show diligence only think of Einstein, Edison... Some students even have nothing to say. At this point, it is necessary for the teacher to guide the students, inspire their divergent thinking, and open up their writing ideas.

For example, when writing the question "Beautiful Scenery Around Us", before guidance, students only think of "natural scenery" and "classroom decoration", and only rigidly interpret the word "scenery" as natural scenery, which is very thin and superficial. I went to guide them, 'Is only natural scenery scenery? Human activities sometimes leave us with such beautiful imprints.' My words were like a stone thrown into a calm lake, and the student with quick thinking and quick thinking suddenly turned around. I immediately remembered the last time I had physical education class: he broke his leg, and many classmates came to greet him. My friends were very sorry, and the teacher was very anxious. His stone once again played a role in fueling the fire, and the classmates remembered it. They remembered the classmate who picked up waste paper from the playground and threw it into the trash can, the good friend who helped them catch up with their classes, the pump beside the traffic police, and the taxi that gently drove past them on rainy days to prevent splashing water

The spreading ripples, waves filling the eyes, and activity filling the room, make a splash, and once you start writing again, it's no longer monotonous.

2、 Throwing bricks to attract jade method

Middle school students' understanding of emotions is still emotional, sometimes only staying on the surface, requiring teachers to guide them to deepen their understanding and activate their creative passion. I remember once assigning students to write essays on the topic of "Understanding Family Love". When I wrote down the topic, the classroom was filled with sighs. When they thought about it and the whole class communicated, it really surprised me. I originally thought this was the most talked about topic for students, but all they could say were a few outdated materials: when they were sick, their mother's bedside companionship; At school, it was raining and my dad came to bring an umbrella in the rain; At daybreak, my mother wakes up early to make breakfast. These materials have appeared several times in students' essays. Without detailed descriptions and emotional infiltration, reading them would be dry and unbearable. But I believe that students are not cold-blooded animals, they will not turn a blind eye to the family affection around them, but they have not yet learned to perceive and experience, and have not fully understood it.

I said in a low and slow voice: Please listen to my feelings and understanding of family affection. In the curious gazes of my classmates, I talked about my mother, her longing for me to come home, and the waiting at the village entrance; I talked about her being afraid of me worrying and hiding her illness; I also talked about the strict requirements my mother had for me when I was a child, and even the unforgettable slap my father gave me to punish my mistakes; In order to dress me up beautifully, my mother bought me various colored headband. These bits and pieces of love, woven by decades of hard work over time, how can they be a family bond. When I spoke with deep affection, their expressions were serious, and they understood that love is in every corner, and family affection is in these trivial actions. I use personal experience to activate students' creative passion.

They opened the composition book again and began their heartfelt writing

3、 Sample opening method

Sample essay is a good companion for students to learn writing. It not only enhances the operability of teachers' essay guidance, but also strengthens students' confidence in writing good essays.

Once I wrote an essay on the topic of "school life". Before writing, I read two sample essays to the students, one of which was "The Teacher's Trick for Dragging the Classroom". As soon as they heard the question, the students nodded frequently to show resonance, and during the reading process, their laughter echoed one after another. After listening, some students said that if such materials can also be written, then we have too much to write. I told them that of course they could write about it. Writing is about writing about one's own life and expressing what one wants to say. Only in this way can our compositions be read warmly and vividly.

School life cannot be separated from teachers and classmates. In addition, from the perspective of students, I have selected an article called 'Sour Boys, Alkali Boys' which uses lively language and familiar stories. Students listen with great interest and laugh heartily. The classroom atmosphere became lively, and the chattering classroom was no longer the content of the sample essay. It began to discuss the interesting stories of classmates around it, the funny actions of a certain teacher last time, and the "Sunshine Boys and Girls" activity held by the school

At the end of the essay class, the fastest student wrote 1500 words with great fluency.

4、 Multimedia Reproduction Method

There are some experiences that are relatively distant from current life or not a direct experience. If presented in the form of multimedia courseware, students will have a sense of immersion, as if they have returned to that scene, regained that feeling, chewed and thought again, and may have better discoveries.

For example, there is a question called "I Exercise, I Excite". I used PowerPoint to reproduce the exciting scenes of their sports games and lively performances in physical education classes that I captured at that time. Then, I replayed the colorful scenes from the Beijing Olympics, instantly bringing the students back to the time and evoking their memories of the past. Faced with the screen, and then experiencing and contemplating the relationship between "sports and excitement", they wrote their unique feelings. Multimedia courseware, with the fastest speed and most intuitive methods, evokes their past experiences.

Ye Lao once said: Life is like a spring, and writing is like a stream. The spring is abundant and never dried up, and the natural and lively flow of the stream never stops. In composition class, the first step is to provide students with careful guidance, evoking their previous experience of tracing back to the source and the natural and unobstructed flow of the stream. The tentacles of student article materials will extend to every corner of life, "discovering" materials and expressing their most authentic and accurate insights.

[Reference]:

1. Author Ye Shengtao discusses writing

2. Fang Mingsheng, author of "Teaching Ideas of 'Life Composition' in Japanese Education"

3. Editor in Chief of Literary Theory Course, Tong Qingbing